Create Site Columns in SharePoint Online (Office 365) using CSOM

cls

[System.Reflection.Assembly]::LoadWithPartialName("Microsoft.SharePoint.Client")
[System.Reflection.Assembly]::LoadWithPartialName("Microsoft.SharePoint.Client.Runtime")

# Create a context and return the context object.
function getContext()
{
    $context = New-Object Microsoft.SharePoint.Client.ClientContext($siteUrl)
    $credentials = New-Object Microsoft.SharePoint.Client.SharePointOnlineCredentials($username, $password)
    $context.Credentials = $credentials

    return $context;
}

# Check if you are able to connect to SharePoint online.
function validateSPOnline()
{
    try
    {
        
        $ctx = getContext;
        $web = $ctx.Web;
        $ctx.Load($web);
        $ctx.ExecuteQuery();

         return $true;
     }
     catch
     {
         Write-Host "Unable to connect with SharePoint online site. Error description: " $_.Exception.Message -ForegroundColor Yellow;
         break;
     }
}

# Create Site Columns by reading a xml file: sitecolumns.xml
function createAllSiteColumns()
{
    $ctx = getContext;
    $web = $ctx.Web;

    # Read Fields from Xml Template
    $siteColumnsXml = [xml](get-content $file_SiteColumns)

    Write-Host "Creating site column(s)..." -f Cyan
 foreach ($node in $siteColumnsXml.Template.Field) 
    {
        $fieldName = $node| Select DisplayName
        $web.Fields.AddFieldAsXml($node.OuterXml, $false, [Microsoft.SharePoint.Client.AddFieldOptions]::DefaultValue);
        $ctx.ExecuteQuery();
    }

    $ctx.Dispose();
    $ctx = $null;
}

function main()
{
    if (validateSPOnline)
    {
        createAllSiteColumns;
    }
}

#SharePoint Online Settings
#$siteUrl = Read-Host 'Please enter the SharePoint online site url'
#$username = Read-Host 'Please enter the username'
#$password = Read-Host "Enter password" -AsSecureString
$siteUrl = “https://spapps.sharepoint.com”
$username = "muhammadsalman@SPApps.onmicrosoft.com"
[string]$pwd = “Passwort123456“
$password = $pwd | ConvertTo-SecureString -AsPlainText -Force

# File Paths
$file_SiteColumns = "C:\Users\Projects\SPApp-Zeiterfassung\List Creation\SiteColumns.xml"

main

Site Columns XML file